With the laser method used in the treatment of laryngeal cancer, patients who had to breathe through a hole opened in their throats during previous surgeries and had difficulty speaking can be treated without being exposed to this procedure. The hospital stay for laser treatment is 1 day. Larynx cancer is a disease with a high chance of cure if diagnosed at an early stage, but in late cases it is necessary to remove the entire larynx.
“In early stage and some selected advanced stage tumors, it is possible to remove the areas affected by the cancer with laser beam by working from inside the mouth without making a skin incision and making a hole in the throat, albeit temporarily.
Especially in recent years, developments in laser technology have made it easier to perform such surgeries. "With carbon dioxide or diode fiber transmission laser technology, tumor tissues can be removed easily and without bleeding by reaching the patient's vocal cords through the mouth." Radiation therapy and chemotherapy are not required after laser surgery…
No hole is made in the patient's throat, even temporarily. “The patient, who is under close follow-up, still has the chance to undergo a second laser intraoral surgery in case of recurrence. The patient's voice quality after laser surgery is much better than open surgery. In cases where the disease recurs after radiotherapy, removal of the entire larynx is usually considered.
Carbon dioxide and diode laser techniques are applied in many areas of ear-nose-throat. It is used successfully in selected cases of benign and malignant tumors of the larynx.
Removing limited voice tumors with laser is an alternative to other forms of treatment. Its most important advantages are the short duration of hospital stay, low cost, and the absence of the need to make holes for longitudinal breathing.
The existing barriers of the larynx that prevent the spread of cancer limit the spread of the tumor on the vocal cord, and since the roof of the larynx is preserved, partial removal of the vocal cord is possible with laser.
While laser surgery was previously only applied to superficial lesions of the vocal cord, its application area has also increased with the increase in technological opportunities and experience. Vocal cord movement should not be fixed.
This surgery is performed under general anesthesia and takes a short time. After the patient is put to sleep, the vocal cords are made visible. From this point on, the larynx is examined under a microscope. If the surgery is performed for the purpose of making a diagnosis, the sample taken is examined by the pathologist in the operating room, provided that the patient is discussed before the surgery. If cancer is diagnosed, laser surgery can be performed in the same session. Thus, the patient is prevented from receiving more than one anesthesia. It is possible to see the beam emitted by the laser with the fiber under a microscope and to direct the beam. The tumor is removed by passing through the healthy tissues around the tumor.
One of the most important advantages of laser surgery is that there is no bleeding. The patient can go home the day after the surgery. Although the voice quality is poor in the early postoperative period, the patient can return to a completely normal life. It does not cause any problems in the patient's nutrition. Voice quality generally increases gradually with the development of healing tissues.
It appears that there is no statistically significant difference in terms of sound quality when compared to radiation therapy. Laser surgery is a technique to preserve the larynx. It is an alternative treatment to radiation therapy and other classical surgical approaches.
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